Maikel Nabil Sanad's sentence is based on article 184 of the Egyptian penal code, which criminalizes "insulting the People’s Assembly, the Shura Council or any State Authority, or the Army or the Courts", and article 102, "spreading false information".

Egypt is a party to the International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights, which guarantees the right to a fair trial in article 14, and freedom of opinion and expression in article 19. The interim constitution of Egypt also guarantees the right to freedom of expression, and the freedom of the press.

In his writings, Maikel Nabil Sanad made use of his right to freedom of opinion and expression. This includes his right to criticise the role of the military during and after the revolution. On 21 July 2011, the Human Rights Committee of the United Nations passed a new General Comment 34 on the right to freedom of opinion and expression. It writes: "States parties should not prohibit criticism of institutions, such as the army or the administration." (see  http://www2.ohchr.org/english/bodies/hrc/docs/GC34.pdf). The sentencing and imprisonment of Maikel Nabil Sanad is in clear violation of the interpretation of article 19 ICCPR, as shown in General Comment 34.

On Thursday, 18 August 2011, the Supreme Council of the Armed Forces dropped similar charges against two activists, Asmaa Mahfouz and Louie Nagati. It is an injustice that Maikel Nabil Sanad is still imprisoned, and his appeal delayed, while other activists are being released.

Human Rights Watch reports that military courts are currently trying numerous protesters. In an case from 15 August 2011, six protesters faced charges of "insulting the military" before a military tribunal for chanting "antagonistic" slogans about Field Marshal Mohamed Hussein Tantawi, the de facto ruler of the country, in addition to charges of assaulting a police officer. The military court sentenced Hassan Bahgat to six months in prison in another case, 3779/2011, for insulting the military in Tahrir square on 6 August 2011.

With his hunger strike, Maikel Nabil Sanad protests against the apparent injustice of his continued imprisonment. The appeal against his sentence from April 2011 has still not been heard, more than four months later. At the same time, other prisoners are being released, or charges for insulting the military are dropped in other cases (see above).

War Resisters' International is extremely concerned about Maikel Nabil Sanad's health. He is presently refusing to eat, but is taking water and medicine for his heart condition. However, should there be no response from the authorities, he will escalate his hunger strike and first also refuse to take water, and as a final escalation refuse to take his medication.

War Resisters' International calls for letters of support to Maikel Nabil Sanad:
Maikel Nabil Sanad
El-Marg prison
El-Kalag
El-Khanka
Qalyubeya
Egypt

War Resisters' International calls for letters of protest to the Egyptian authorities.

Director of Military Judiciary
Major-General Ahmed Abd Allah
Military Judicial Department
Cairo, Egypt
Fax: +202 2 402 4468 / +202 2 411 3452 (ask for fax)

Military General Attorney
Major-General Medhat Radwan
Military Judicial Department
Cairo, Egypt
+202 2 412 0980 (ask for fax)

Minister of Defence
His Excellency Muhammad Tantawi
Ministry of Defence
Cairo, Egypt
 mmc@afmic.gov.eg ;  mod@afmic.gov.eg
Fax: +20 2 2 5748 822
A protest email can be sent at  http://wri-irg.org/node/13583.

War Resisters' International calls on the Egyptian authorities to respond to Maikel Nabil Sanad's hunger strike by releasing him immediately.

War Resisters' International, Connection e.V., and DFG-VK Hesse are also calling for an international day of action in support of Maikel Nabil Sanad on 9 September 2011. More information is available at  http://wri-irg.org/campaigns/supportmaikelnabil .

Andreas Speck
War Resisters' International