The Rolls Royce Raynesway site on the outskirts of Derby has a Neptune nuclear test reactor which is used to test the fuel reactivity for the engines of submarines in the military's hunter fleet, which are equipped with Trident missiles. The nuclear cores for these submarines are also made at the site. Rolls Royce uses enriched uranium and zircaloy to manufacture components. The company also has contracts to build nuclear reactors for civilian power plants.

In May 2009 a peace camp was set up near the Raynesway site which demanded that Rolls Royce phase out all nuclear activities at the Rayensway plant within the next 5 years and move into work which is sustainable. They also asked that Rolls Royce provide and make publicly available a comprehensive evacuation plan for people living and working within a two mile radius of the factory. Poor security at the site is something that many local residents are worried about.

In April 2008 10 activists from Trident Ploughshares were arrested after a blockade of the plant that took police 5 hours to remove with chisels. Of the 10, 8 were later acquitted after it was found that they had not been on Rolls Royce's land.

In 2007 a blockade of the facility took place on the 21st anniversary of the Chernobyl nuclear disaster. The protest was also in solidarity with the Faslane 365 year of actions against the Royal Navy's nuclear submarine base in Scotland. One protester commented that "With the government intending to replace it's illegal Trident system, and to build more nuclear power stations in the UK, it's vital that ordinary people take a stand to prevent future nuclear disasters."

Derbyshire police have attempted to crack down on protests at the site, imposing a Section 14 order after a protest was announced in 2005, in spite of the organisers liaising with them. Since then, protesters have not repeated this mistake!