U.S. ARMY REPLACES TOPPLED STATUE
X-axis | 14.04.2003 08:13
COLLAGE: The Civilization of Iraq'
Uncle Sam's standard rot.'
('McDonalds Restaurants' anagram) (article 1)
Uncle Sam's standard rot.'
('McDonalds Restaurants' anagram) (article 1)
U.S. ARMY REPLACES TOPPLED STATUE
U.S. ARMY REPLACES TOPPLED STATUE
U.S. ARMY REPLACES TOPPLED STATUE
X-axis - full-spectrum resistance!
COLLAGE
The Civilization of Iraq
----------------------------------
THE CIVILIZATION OF IRAQ
AMERICAN SOCIAL, CULTURAL & INTELLECTUAL SUPREMACY
"[IRAQ] whose civilizations gave us writing and the wheel, may also have invented electric cells - two thousand years before such devices were well known."
'Uncle Sam's standard rot.'
('McDonalds Restaurants' anagram)
-----------------------------------
Pillagers Strip Iraqi Museum Of Its Treasure
By JOHN F. BURNS (NYT)
BAGHDAD, Iraq, April 12 — The National Museum of Iraq recorded a history of civilizations that began to flourish in the fertile plains of Mesopotamia more than 7,000 years ago. But once American troops entered Baghdad in sufficient force to topple Saddam Hussein's government this week, it took only 48 hours for the museum to be destroyed, with at least 170,000 artifacts carried away by looters.
...
Nothing remained, museum officials said, at least nothing of real value, from a museum that had been regarded by archaeologists and other specialists as perhaps the richest of all such institutions in the Middle East.
-------------------------------------
EDITED EXCERPT FROM (FULL ARTICLE - Dated: 2002):
http://www.world-mysteries.com/sar_11.htm
War can destroy more than a people, an army or a leader. Culture, tradition and history also lie in the firing line.
Iraq has a rich national heritage. The Garden of Eden and the Tower of Babel are said to have been sited in this ancient land.
In any war, there is a chance that priceless treasures will be lost forever, articles such as the "ancient battery" that resides defenceless in the museum of Baghdad.
For this object suggests that the region, whose civilizations gave us writing and the wheel, may also have invented electric cells - two thousand years before such devices were well known.
Baghdad 'Batteries'
--------------------------
History
In 1936, while excavating ruins of a 2000-year-old village near Baghdad, workers discovered mysterious small vase. A 6-inch-high pot of bright yellow clay dating back two millennia contained a cylinder of sheet-copper 5 inches by 1.5 inches. The edge of the copper cylinder was soldered with a 60-40 lead-tin alloy comparable to today's solder. The bottom of the cylinder was capped with a crimped-in copper disk and sealed with bitumen or asphalt. Another insulating layer of asphalt sealed the top and also held in place an iron rod suspended into the center of the copper cylinder. The rod showed evidence of having been corroded with an acidic agent.
Most sources date the batteries to around 200 BC - in the Parthian era, circa 250 BC to AD 225.
An Ancient Battery
--------------------------
German archaeologist , Wilhelm Konig, examined the object and came to a surprising conclusion that the clay pot was nothing less than an ancient electric battery.
In 1940, Willard F.M. Gray, an engineer at the General Electric High Volatage Laboratory in Pittsfield, Massachusetts, read of Konig's theory. Using drawings and details supplied by German rocket scientist Willy Ley, Gray made a replica of the battery. Using copper sulfate solution, it generated about half a volt of electricity.
In 1970s, German Egyptologist, Arne Eggebrecht built a replica of the Baghdad battery and filled it with freshly pressed grape juice, as he speculated the ancients might have done. The replica generated 0.87V. He used current from the battery to electroplate a silver statuette with gold.
It is certain the Baghdad batteries could conduct an electric current because many replicas have been made, including by students of ancient history under the direction of Dr Marjorie Senechal, professor of the history of science and technology, Smith College, US.
"I don't think anyone can say for sure what they were used for, but they may have been batteries because they do work," she says. Replicas can produce voltages from 0.8 to nearly two volts.
---------------------------------
A blog of note
---------------------------------
PaleoJudaica.com
A weblog on ancient Judaism and its context
E-mail:
blogger@paleojudaica.com
http://paleojudaica.blogspot.com/
'Saddam made me do it'
---------------------------------
Sunday, April 13, 2003
posted by Jim Davila | 3:36 PM
I see very little, if anything, that could have been done to prevent the looting in the short term, and it's the short term in which the massive damage is being done.
culture clubbed / billions robbed
X-axis - full-spectrum resistance!
COLLAGE
The Civilization of Iraq
----------------------------------
THE CIVILIZATION OF IRAQ
AMERICAN SOCIAL, CULTURAL & INTELLECTUAL SUPREMACY
"[IRAQ] whose civilizations gave us writing and the wheel, may also have invented electric cells - two thousand years before such devices were well known."
'Uncle Sam's standard rot.'
('McDonalds Restaurants' anagram)
-----------------------------------
Pillagers Strip Iraqi Museum Of Its Treasure
By JOHN F. BURNS (NYT)
BAGHDAD, Iraq, April 12 — The National Museum of Iraq recorded a history of civilizations that began to flourish in the fertile plains of Mesopotamia more than 7,000 years ago. But once American troops entered Baghdad in sufficient force to topple Saddam Hussein's government this week, it took only 48 hours for the museum to be destroyed, with at least 170,000 artifacts carried away by looters.
...
Nothing remained, museum officials said, at least nothing of real value, from a museum that had been regarded by archaeologists and other specialists as perhaps the richest of all such institutions in the Middle East.
-------------------------------------
EDITED EXCERPT FROM (FULL ARTICLE - Dated: 2002):
http://www.world-mysteries.com/sar_11.htm War can destroy more than a people, an army or a leader. Culture, tradition and history also lie in the firing line.
Iraq has a rich national heritage. The Garden of Eden and the Tower of Babel are said to have been sited in this ancient land.
In any war, there is a chance that priceless treasures will be lost forever, articles such as the "ancient battery" that resides defenceless in the museum of Baghdad.
For this object suggests that the region, whose civilizations gave us writing and the wheel, may also have invented electric cells - two thousand years before such devices were well known.
Baghdad 'Batteries'
--------------------------
History
In 1936, while excavating ruins of a 2000-year-old village near Baghdad, workers discovered mysterious small vase. A 6-inch-high pot of bright yellow clay dating back two millennia contained a cylinder of sheet-copper 5 inches by 1.5 inches. The edge of the copper cylinder was soldered with a 60-40 lead-tin alloy comparable to today's solder. The bottom of the cylinder was capped with a crimped-in copper disk and sealed with bitumen or asphalt. Another insulating layer of asphalt sealed the top and also held in place an iron rod suspended into the center of the copper cylinder. The rod showed evidence of having been corroded with an acidic agent.
Most sources date the batteries to around 200 BC - in the Parthian era, circa 250 BC to AD 225.
An Ancient Battery
--------------------------
German archaeologist , Wilhelm Konig, examined the object and came to a surprising conclusion that the clay pot was nothing less than an ancient electric battery.
In 1940, Willard F.M. Gray, an engineer at the General Electric High Volatage Laboratory in Pittsfield, Massachusetts, read of Konig's theory. Using drawings and details supplied by German rocket scientist Willy Ley, Gray made a replica of the battery. Using copper sulfate solution, it generated about half a volt of electricity.
In 1970s, German Egyptologist, Arne Eggebrecht built a replica of the Baghdad battery and filled it with freshly pressed grape juice, as he speculated the ancients might have done. The replica generated 0.87V. He used current from the battery to electroplate a silver statuette with gold.
It is certain the Baghdad batteries could conduct an electric current because many replicas have been made, including by students of ancient history under the direction of Dr Marjorie Senechal, professor of the history of science and technology, Smith College, US.
"I don't think anyone can say for sure what they were used for, but they may have been batteries because they do work," she says. Replicas can produce voltages from 0.8 to nearly two volts.
---------------------------------
A blog of note
---------------------------------
PaleoJudaica.com
A weblog on ancient Judaism and its context
E-mail:
blogger@paleojudaica.com http://paleojudaica.blogspot.com/ 'Saddam made me do it'
---------------------------------
Sunday, April 13, 2003
posted by Jim Davila | 3:36 PM
I see very little, if anything, that could have been done to prevent the looting in the short term, and it's the short term in which the massive damage is being done.
culture clubbed / billions robbed
X-axis