Saddam Hussein: Costs to Fellow Muslims
The Iran-Iraq war (1980-1988) resulted in an estimated 1 millionMuslim casualties, dead and wounded. Iranian casualties were estimated at between 450,000 and 730,000. Iraqi casualtieswere estimated at between 150,000 and 340,000. During the 1988 Anfal campaign in Iraqi Kurdistan, Iraqi troops were responsible for the death or disappearance of up to 100,000 Muslim Kurds. On March 16 1988, Iraqi troops killed up to 5,000 and injured some 10,000 Muslim Kurds in a day in a chemical weapon attack on the town of Halabja in northern Iraq. The 1990 Iraqi invasion of Kuwait led to the death of some 1,000 Kuwaiti Muslim nationals.605 prisoners of war remain unaccounted for since 1991, including nationals of Kuwait, SaudiArabia, India, Syria, Lebanon, Iran, Egypt, Bahrain, and Oman. Between 3 and 4 million Muslim Iraqis have abandoned their homes and sought refugeoutside Iraq. Manyhundreds of thousands of Iraq's Muslims have been displaced internally. Estimates of 900,000 may be conservative. In the north, towns and villages were systematically destroyed by the regime during the war with Iran. Further south, non-Arabs in the region of Kirkuk have been relocated to other parts of Iraq and Arabs induced to occupy their homes and lands. And in thesouth, between 300,000 and 500,000 Muslim citizens have been forced from their traditional homes in Iraq's marshlands.Thousands of Muslimshave been arbitrarily arrested, ill-treated, tortured and executed in Iraqin recent years because of their suspected opposition political activities, or because they arerelatives of people sought by the authorities.
Sources: US Committee for Refugees Report 2002
Human Rights Watch Country Report
International Alliance for Justice News Service 12/9/2002
Amnesty International Report ­ Victims of Systematic Repression