Skip to content or view screen version

Over the Top in Brussels?

Brian Holmes | 20.12.2001 16:18

At least a few things can be learned from what just happened in Brussels - and from what happened two years ago in Seattle.

Over the Top in Brussels?
Over the Top in Brussels?


Someone held up a hand-painted red sign over the heads of the crowd at Bockstael square in Brussels. An arrow pointed straight ahead: "Top," it said – the Dutch word for "summit." Another curved off to the right: "Legal Route," it read. It was the direct-action way to ask all the demonstrators to think about what we were actually doing, there on Bockstael square. But when the huge, rolling Oxfam globe with its costumed dancers gesticulating out of the continents finally turned right, everyone just followed without asking too many questions. And from then on, the whole demonstration seemed scripted in advance. The words "No Red Zone," also written on the sign, were in vain. Nobody bothered the leaders in their castle.

The protests around the EU summit in the palace of Laeken, Belgium, got huge popular support despite the freezing wind. At least 80 thousand people came out for the union march on December 13, plus another 25 thousand for the "alternative" demo the next day – and on Saturday, the anarchists and the Bruxxel street party met to find their own way through the city. But the union march, which set off on a short and boring straight-line route to finish under huge hanging video screens and a sound system worthy of a football match, was overflowing with painfully reformist slogans like "Europe – that's us." Yeah, that's us, dumped like dead leaves whenever there's a dip in the profit rate. As for the alternative demonstration organized by a coalition of NGOs and far-left political groups, not only did it take the legal road and veer off towards an uninhabited industrial zone, it also ended up inside a fenced complex reached by a relatively narrow gate, which of course the protestors had to close when the police began provoking them with a water canon. Result: a few thousand people were forced to submit to the humiliation of "selective searches" just to leave the place where they'd gathered to talk politics, and about 25 were arrested. Only the street party refused to have its path preordained – but even it had to stand still and nervous for an hour, surrounded by legions of state police while local burgermeisters negotiated. The entire series of demonstrations amounted to an object lesson in control and neutralization.

"What do you want?" people kept asking me. "More violence, like in Genoa?" Not at all. We had to avoid a sterile confrontation that could only be used against us, and we did. That's totally positive. There are no terrorists in the movement for egalitarian, democratic exchanges, and the whole challenge of the Laeken protests was to get beyond the double specter of useless street violence and September 11. But in a time of increasing popular support in Europe, that doesn't mean we should just give up all our strength. In Brussels, the different strands of the movement conspired among each other to separate, the better to be identified and controlled by the coercive powers of Belgian/European state. Unions one day, NGOs and splinter parties the next, freaks and pinks and anarchists on the weekend. What we didn't have was political solidarity across the whole social spectrum, like in Genoa.

Do you ever get the feeling someone's watching every move you make? The Rand corporation represents a typically American way of gaining the high ground, by concentrating huge intellectual resources and then openly publishing the results. They've just released a new book on "social netwar," with a chapter specifically on Seattle, which you can download for nothing (www.rand.org/publications/MR/MR1382). The author of chapter 7 claims that no leftist organization has analyzed why N30 was such a great success, but that many law-enforcement and government agencies have done so. So why were the actions against the WTO in Seattle so powerful? In the broadest terms, because they achieved a kind of contamination between the "normally" separate movements of trade unionists, NGOs and think tanks, and anarchists looking to make direct democracy happen on the street. That convergence was no accident: it was made possible by the members of the Direct Action Network, who figured out how to non-violently immobilize the Seattle police at a moment when anything could happen, when union marchers could join ecologists to go see where the smoke was coming from (and maybe run into the Black Bloc on the way). The DAN used precise lock-down and civil disobedience techniques, carried out by trained activists, to produce a strategically designed chaos that was stronger than any order the National Guard could try to "reestablish." And on the ground, everyone was sharp enough to see a great chance to actually make a difference, rather than just watching the human and other ecologies get stamped underfoot. In other words, the real activists in Seattle set up the conditions for spontaneous self-organization.

Do we have to leave the Rand corporation on top today? For sure, it's unlikely that another Seattle is going to fall ripe into our hands. Not just the police but also the politicians have done their homework. Everything will be done to keep the union marches as far from the anarchists as possible, and special "negotiating tables" (with sleeping pills in the champagne) will be laid for every NGO or union boss gullible enough to think that you get reform without the threat of revolution. Divide and co-opt when you can, channel and neutralize when you can't, arrest whatever's left over: that's the Belgian solution (I guess Freud would've called it "a progress in civilization"). But if we analyze what their response has been, and make it public, then we can keep turning the tables, again and again, until substantial change starts to appear in a world-system whose dangerous and morbid nature is coming clearer all the time, for instance right now in IMF-battered Argentina.

Ronfeldt and Arquilla (the Rand twins) talk a lot about "swarms." Means: something a lot like the unpredictable but precisely motivated self-organization of a mass-individual event, like a contemporary demonstration. Why not be aware of precisely the point where people power is the strongest, and play it to the hilt? First of all, a movement that's been based from the word go on direct action ought to admire those 50 Dutch and Belgians who occupied the CEFIC, that is, the European Chemical Industry Council, on December 12. Brussels is full of lobbies like that: the European Round Table of Industrialists, the Trans-Atlantic Business Dialogue, UNICE (the Union of Industrial and Employers Confederations of Europe) – and the whole life of these organizations is a crime against democracy, it's legitimate that they be closed down immediately. It's even more legitimate if union members, ecologists, leftists and anarchists get a flyer or an email explaining exactly what's going on, while it's happening, with an address and an arrow on the map. We can't fall into the illusion that just having everybody queue up separately on a different day to kiss the shields of the friendly, public-service police is really going to stop the engines of neoliberal globalization. But the people-swarms on the indispensable days of global action can be doubled and tripled by idea- and action-swarms that out-race and out-proliferate the co-optation of those enlightened men who govern us. So Jospin talks about globalization with a human face? Let's display the faces of all those French transnational companies laying off people in Brazil while their partner companies cut the work force in Paris and pollute the water in the Bouches-du-Rhone. So Blair talks about education? Why don't signs on the street corners compare what it now costs to get through college in Britain, compared to just five years ago? So Aznar's flunkies mutter about the Moroccans taking away Spanish jobs? Let's see how many Andalou tomatoes are produced by men and women with on sub-minimum wages, under semi-legal conditions with new papers authorizing exploitation - and let's talk about the Universal Embassy back in Brussels at the same time.

Traditional governing "strategy" meant looking down from the top on all the fools below, who could be channeled into whatever path the powerful would like to see them take. Networked strategy means the self-coordinated action of intelligent people who refuse their supposed destiny, looking up past the leaders, past the summits, toward a better future. The danger right now is that the last two or ten years of tremendous effort (depending on who you are) might just vanish into the thin air of that cold night when your little splinter-group finds itself all alone against the police force and their giant tweezers. Now the powers-that-be think they know exactly how to deal with "the new kids on the black block": you make some into partners, some into criminals, and just let the others hold their carnivals under surveillance. But the better future is that we just keep on taking the lead, learning from our own inventions and continuing to risk every kind of crossover, every promising and positive combination, between the religious and ecologist NGOs, the revolutionary networks, the critical think tanks, the leftist workers' parties, the anarchists and all the people who don't even want one of those names, or neoliberal globalization either. We have too much new knowledge at our finger- and tongue-tips to just give into prescripted scenarios. If we develop that knowledge, and share it with our neighbors – the way neighbors were talking to neighbors everywhere last week in Brussels – then there isn't any reason why we can't continue turning the tables on the top-down theory of capitalist globalization.

Brian Holmes
- e-mail: 106271.223@compuserve.com

Comments

Hide the following 5 comments

Critical moments in politics

20.12.2001 18:18

This article contains many important points which it is essential for those in the anti-capitalist movement to address. Firstly the splitting of the demonstrators by holding a seperate union demo from those of other activists did not learn from the sucess of Seattle when radical unionists ( in defiance of their leadership) left their official march and joined the radicals to disrupt the conference. This time the union demo was held a day before the summit started so no such link could be attempted. I would advocate that for future summits all radicals should push for there to be no seperate union demo and that all demos should only take place while the summit is actually in progress. It is only by disrupting the summit- as seen in Seattle - that our presence actually has an impact. Having attended all the protests in Brussels the union demo was the most soul destroying- it was little more that a stroll to a garden party. It might be nice to imagine that blowing whistles loudly will bring down the walls of Jerico but that is to be dealing in illusion. At best this was misguided, at worst a calculated attempt at protectionism from opportunistic union leaders deciding to use the radicalism of the other demonstrators on other days to gain concessions for their own private interests.
The photo at the beginning of this article captures the critical moment when the large international demo could have headed for the summit and which it did not take. I was suprised that this opportunity was not taken having seen the radicalism of the groups present prior to reaching this point in the march. Well focused attacks on banks and a police station with no response from the state had already occured. As if to make up for avoiding heading for the summit another full scale assault was made on a second police station, but this could not atone for the critical error of not heading for the summit. A reasonable excuse would have been the presence of large numbers of police but they were nowhere to be seen on the demo. There are critical times to act in politics and this appeared to be one of them. We did not take it.
Lastly i would just like to mention the heroic attempts of all who took part in the red and black demo and the street party on the saturday to keep the fires of liberation burning. In this ,if in nothing else, we did succeed.

Anon


Tactics

21.12.2001 11:22


This is a great article, and everyone should read the rand document. I think perhaps one of the most important points is quite simply that seattle was an early morning start with well organised non-violent blockades and lockdowns. Almost every large protest since has either tried to storm/breach security zones, or blockade delegates coming out of a meeting - both of which are less focused and more likely to result in messy conflict.

As for brussels, I call it a success. I agree that the 3 different days did split things up, but it was split already - with groups like Globalise Resistance in the uk, failing even to put information on their website about the peace march, anarchist march and street party demo on the Saturday. NB in some of the organising meetings for the D14 friday demo some NGO types proposed the whole march be videod so that 'violent protestors' could be identified!!!!
The state tactics of divide and rule are working well.

As for the failure to deviate from the negotiated route on the friday, well yes it was a missed opportunity, but importantly I think it showed many critics that the more autonomous / anarchist / black block types can co-operate with more reformist organisers and respect their wishes. I think after genoa (and 911) this was really important to show.

The street party for me was the most inspiring, and it worked. It's a long time since I've been at a street party and I'd really forgotten how empowering they can be :-)

legal Observer


Cooperation with effects

21.12.2001 12:10

I agree that Brussels was a success - mainly because we avoided the useless violence. In that sense, it was good not to have a big battle in front of the Laeken palace, just fighting is not so interesting. It's OK, this time, that everyone separated into their own tactics, just to touch base, just to realize that things were not necessarily going to explode in our face. The thing I was trying to get at, though, is that a "Belgian-style" treatment of the movement could defuse it, sooth parts of it into complacency (that's what continental socialists are so good at). And that's where it's better to break the laws, to choose your own routes (like the street party). Anyway, I got some reaction from a Belgian activist who said they're just getting ready for the UNICE meeting. I think they're going to draw the conclusions from what just happened, and not be fooled. The chance to be effective is what makes people cooperate the best. That's the spirit!

Brian


organisation and effect

21.12.2001 13:38

Just a quick few general points that I don't think have been concentrated on enough.

Why was Genoa such a big demo?

Because the GSF brought together groups through a lot of hard work. But importantly the groups involved had real social roots in working class areas. Also GSF people went and argued with groups of workers such as the FIOM steel workers when they were on strike that the reasons they were striking were becausof the same reasons as the G8 protests - they subsequently brought 50000 odd workers to the demo.

Belgium was different, no disrespect to any of the Belgian comrades in d14, but it didn't have the depth of organisation that the GSF had, therefore the arguments needed to for instance get unity in our various demonstrations (ie. on the same day) weren't there.
This was also a problem not just for the union/anti-cap demo but also the Saturday demos too. I'm involved in GR and we agrued in the D14 meetings for unity in the demo and to not have an 'anti-cap' demo and then a 'peace' one, there is no seperation, politically or otherwise! So why do things on Saturday and further fragment things? Similarly we were emphasised participating in the TU demo becuase if we're serious about working people (who are the only people with the power to end capitalism) then we have to connect woth them!

We need to build the networks at the moment so that we can really challenge the State, which means every demo may not have some 'confrontation' but hopefully the effects will be greater, in Belgium I hope it's built a platform on which formally disparate groups can now work, like the Italian Social Forum. (The demo also went through several working class neighbourhoods which shouldn't be discounted). Out of this will come the ability to organise things like international strikes which would REALLY disrupte capitalism.

Overcoming our division is not something abstract it means persuading and organising, and a bit of hard work, sure lets have the carnival, but as they have started to kill us, let's make sure we've got the power to stop them, which means involving the millions of people who want an alternative to the capitalist system, but don't see any alternative to it because we haven't reached them.

fraternally,

noel

noel
mail e-mail: noel@freemachine.net


Excellent analysis

21.12.2001 14:39

I agree with the previous posters here. This is an excellent analysis and we need to step back every often and share insights as we are doing here. For my part though, I went to Brussels to see the conference shut down, and that didn't happen. If Brussels was a success for us, why was the mainstream media coverage over here virtually non-existent? If we'd shut the conference down, we would have created space in the media - even if it would have been distorted -which to express our arguments, but as it was the general feel I had of the whole thing - including Saturday was a passive willingness to be corralled and herded by the police.

I thought the Rand analysis was instructive reading and what it brought to me more forcefully than anything else was, firstly, the element of surprise that took the authorities off guard, and secondly, and consequently, the complete control DAN had over the streets of Seattle. They were calling the shots, and in Brussels, we weren't. The authorities have learnt their lessons and they were dictating the terms instead.

Having said that, there were tactics that were applied in demos like Prague that could have been applied in Brussels ( and the anti-war demo in London, for that matter ) to great effect. The Ya Basta confrontational approach applied in Prague didn't work because it was over a bridge, and consequently bottlenecked with police, but in Brussels a large organised contingent willing to brave the batons could have pushed through in certain areas and drawn the rest of the demo with it. The same confrontational approach would have worked in Londo as well I think, pushing through the thin police lines and drawing the crowd behind it down to parliament square. Again, the consequences would, I think, have been more coverage.

Jim
mail e-mail: serengoch@hotmail.com